Concussion

What is a Concussion? 

A concussion is a form of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) that occurs most commonly after a blow to the head, but can also result from any impact that causes the brain to shake violently. In other words, you can suffer a concussion without a blow to the head. The effects of a concussion can be mild or severe, and can show up minutes or hours after an incident–which is why it’s important to take steps to avoid them, and to act quickly when concussion is suspected.

Every concussion is different, and some people may not experience all of the symptoms above. Not displaying every symptom does not mean that a concussion has not occurred. It is also important to note that some people may display no symptoms of concussion at all, but hours later, begin to develop them. Therefore, if you suspect a concussion is possible, it is crucial to cease all activity.

  • Loss of consciousness

  • Headache

  • Confusion

  • Difficulty concentrating

  • Memory issues

  • Balance issues

What are the Symptoms?

  • Coordination issues 

  • Dizziness

  • Sensitivity to light

  • Sensitivity to noise

  • Fatigue

  • Nausea

treatments

When concussion is possible, cease all activity, both physical and cognitive, and see a physician as soon as possible. Never continue playing sport if you suspect you have a concussion–this can make it much worse. When a concussion is confirmed, some treatment options may include:

  • Physical rest 

  • Cognitive rest 

  • Hydration 

  • Painkillers 

  • Anti-nausea medication 

A gradual return to normal activity is recommended, based upon physician’s advice. Every concussion is different.  

potential lasting effects

  • Trouble concentrating

  • Memory problems

  • Irritability and other personality changes

  • Sensitivity to light and noise

  • Sleep disturbances

  • Depression and other psychological problems

  • Disorders of smell and taste

Frequency

According to the University of Michigan, about 3.8million concussions from sporting injuries occur each year in the U.S. alone. However, many of these injuries go unreported and undiagnosed–indicating that the true number might be even larger. 

PREVENTION

Nothing can eliminate the risk of concussion entirely, but important and easy steps to take include wearing a helmet/proper headgear, and playing strategies designed to reduce risk, such as the targeting rule.